Special autonomy (Otsus) for Papua and West Papua is considered as the state's recognition of Papua as a region that has special characteristics. It can be interpreted that the state respects indigenous peoples and their traditional rights as long as they are alive, which is embedded in the framework of the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia.
"The special autonomy that is being carried out is also the translation of the constitution," said Moksen Idris Sirfefa, Institutional Expert of the Bappenas Papua Desk, in a discussion "How to Make Otsus Prosperous for the Papuan People?" Which was held online.
Moksen explained, Otsus is a political decision between Papua and the central government, which is mutually beneficial, by being implemented rationally, moderately, democratically, as part of the middle way. Even if there is a shortage, then both parties can sit together.
At present, there is a misconception, as if Otsus will end in 2021, even though it will continue and be improved for the welfare of the Papuan people. The misunderstanding of Otsus is also because it is only assessed in terms of money or budget.
"Special Autonomy is not only about money, there are many related things, starting with institutions, authority, human resources, many things, and all of that for Papua," he said.
Therefore, even though there are still shortcomings, it would be better for the regional government to take full advantage of the implementation of Otsus because it is guaranteed by the constitution. Another thing, from the Bappenas study, as well as the study conducted internally in the Papua regional government, if the special autonomy funds later stopped, it would disrupt the fiscal capacity of the two provinces in Papua, reaching 60 percent.
So far, the Special Autonomy Fund has been quite helpful and beneficial for health education, infrastructure and affirmation for indigenous Papuans, where the special autonomy fund is also used to finance the Papuan People's Assembly. So, he invited all parties in Papua to really study it so that there would be no misperceptions.
"There are policies in the implementation of successful and unsuccessful ones, which are successfully improved if the corrections are not successful. The way to look at Otsus must be carefully, really examine all the consequences," he said.
At the same place, Jayapura Mayor Benhur Tommy Mano added, the Special Autonomy Fund has helped the administration of local governments, especially in sectors related to improving human resources. Thanks to the Special Autonomy fund, Jayapura's development is also more moving, marked by improvements in infrastructure, as well as an increase in the achievement of the human development index and the life expectancy that continues to improve, from year to year.
"The journey of Otsus for 19 years since 2002, I say there has been progress in various aspects compared to the period before Otsus. Although it has not met the expectations of all circles, because there are inhibiting factors from internal and external, "he said.
According to him, the implementation of Otsus in Jayapura has been successful and Otsus needs to continue, because the level of dependence on the special autonomy fiscal is quite large. Moreover, thanks to special autonomy funds, the Jayapura government can send their children abroad. Advancing the Papuan people, improving infrastructure, health. Therefore, the special autonomy funds in the future must really be used for the welfare of the Papuan people.
Jimmy Demianus Ijie, Member of the Indonesian House of Representatives from the PDIP Perjuangan faction, said that in order for the implementation of autonomy to be truly optimal, the government needs to treat the Papuan people with full dignity by giving full authority to administer autonomy. Therefore, he advised the government to also learn from other countries such as Italy in granting special autonomy.
"Papuans ask to be treated with dignity, they should be respected, give them the authority to manage their autonomy. The government seems to have no clear attitude, on the one hand the final legal part of Indonesia, on the other hand there are doubts about being afraid to let go, this is because the approach to Papua is not with heart, but with caution, "he said.
For the record, the implementation of Otsus in Papua and West Papua has been running since the enactment of Law Number 21 of 2001 concerning Special Autonomy for Papua Province. The regulation was later amended in Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Perppu) Number 1 of 2008 which also served as the legal umbrella for the special autonomy. In the law, it is stated that the Papua special autonomy fund is calculated as 2 percent of the ceiling of the General Allocation Fund (DAU) which is valid for 20 years.
In accordance with the mandate of the law, the allocation of the Papua province's Special Autonomy funds is equivalent to two percent of the total National General Allocation Fund (DAU) ceiling. The Special Autonomy Fund is budgeted to support the implementation of special autonomy, especially in the fields of education and health.
"Special Autonomy is also directed to finance the development and maintenance of infrastructure, empowerment of the people's economy, poverty alleviation, as well as education, social and health funding," Jimmy concluded.
SOURCE: https://www.wartaekonomi.co.id/read306575/berkat-dana-otsus-banyak-anak-muda-papua-mampu-sekolah-di-luar-negeri
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