In managing the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN), several regions in Indonesia are privileged to allocate special funds.
In other words, this does not apply to other areas.
There is a history behind the central government providing special funds to these regions.
The special funds can be used for various purposes, from infrastructure development to financing cultural preservation.
Of the four regions that received the special funds, namely the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Papua, West Papua, and Aceh.
What causes Papua and West Papua to receive the special funds? Check out the reviews;
Papua's Special Autonomy (Otsus) has been running for almost 20 years after the enactment of Law Number 21 of 2001 concerning Special Autonomy for the Papua Province.
In order to accelerate the improvement of the welfare and economic development of the people in Papua and West Papua, the government disbursed Special Autonomy funds.
The Special Autonomy Fund is a grant from the Central Government to certain provincial governments. The Special Autonomy Fund was given by the Central Government as a consequence of the Special Autonomy status.
The Papua Special Autonomy Fund is primarily used to finance education and health. In 2015, the Special Autonomy funds for Papua were valued at Rp. 4.9 trillion and for West Papua to Rp. 2.1 trillion.
The Special Autonomy Fund will continue to be increased until 2020 to Rp 5.9 trillion for Papua and Rp 2.5 trillion for West Papua.
Most recently, in 2022, the Special Autonomy funds amounted to IDR 8.5 trillion which was divided for Papua and West Papua.
As is well known, Papua and West Papua have received special autonomy funds since 2002 or after the Reformation era in Indonesia.
In addition to the Special Autonomy Fund, additional infrastructure funds were also provided. The total additional infrastructure funds for Papua and West Papua Provinces were set at IDR 3 trillion in 2015, increasing to IDR 4.7 trillion in the 2020 APBN.
The acceleration of improving the welfare of Papuans is also a priority for the government in the reform era. One way is, the implementation of Otsus since 2001.
Since it was first disbursed, the total funding support disbursed has increased from time to time.
In 2002, it was only Rp. 1.38 trillion, while in 2020, it was Rp. 13.05 trillion. This means that there has been a significant increase, up to 10 times since this fund was rolled out.
For Papua, the provision of Special Autonomy funds of this size clearly contributes significantly to regional revenues.
At least, with reference to the total amount of the 2019 Papua Regional Budget (APBD), which is Rp. 13.9 trillion, 93 percent is supported by regional income obtained from the Special Autonomy Fund.
The special autonomy fund support is actually aimed at financing education and health, as well as financing infrastructure development.
SOURCE: https://papua.tribunnews.com/2022/03/13/papua-dan-papua-barat-area-spesial-di-indonesia-yang-dapat-dana-specific-dari-apbn
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